Enter semen volume, concentration, motility and morphology to calculate TMSC and see classifications against WHO 6th thresholds. You also get a plain-language summary, confounder notes, and when to repeat testing.
Methodology & Sources
What this tool computes
The tool summarises entered semen parameters and reports a TMSC (Total Motile Sperm Count) using the simple product: volume × concentration × progressive motility. It then places that value in broad bands to aid communication and shows parameter-by-parameter flags vs common reference limits. Results are educational and should be interpreted with a clinician.
Reference bands used
- Volume reference lower limit: about 1.5 mL.
- Concentration reference lower limit: about 15 million/mL.
- Total motility reference lower limit: about 40%.
- Progressive motility reference lower limit: about 32%.
These cut points are widely used on lab reports. The WHO 6th edition places more emphasis on clinical context rather than a single threshold for every individual. Labs may report different decision limits. Use the exact ranges from your report when available.
Morphology methods
- Kruger strict: typical lower reference near 4% normal forms. Values 2–3.9% are often termed borderline, below 2% low.
- WHO 6th edition: does not set one universal numeric normal value for morphology. Interpret with other semen measures and clinical findings.
TMSC communication bands
- ≥20 million: favourable communication band.
- 10–19 million: borderline communication band.
- <10 million: low communication band.
Literature and clinic policies vary on TMSC thresholds for IUI or expectant management. These bands are simplified for education, not diagnostic cutoffs.
How the global message is formed
- Compute TMSC and place it in a band.
- Flag volume, concentration, total motility, progressive motility vs the reference limits above.
- For morphology, use Kruger thresholds when selected, or show a contextual note for WHO 6th.
- Count how many measures fall below typical. Combine that count with the TMSC band to produce a short, plain-language summary.
Sample condition notes the tool considers
- Abstinence: shorter than 2 days can lower volume and concentration, longer than 7 days can lower motility.
- Delay to analysis: more than 1 hour can reduce motility.
- Incomplete collection: can underestimate volume and TMSC.
- Illness, fever, heat, varicocele, age: may affect one or more parameters and often warrant clinical review.
Repeat testing and next steps
Semen parameters vary over time. When results are unexpected, many guidelines recommend repeating the test after about 8–12 weeks under typical collection conditions. Discuss findings and options with a clinician.
Limits
- TMSC is a convenient aggregate, not a diagnostic verdict.
- Tool outputs do not model DNA fragmentation, antisperm antibodies, strict lab-specific ranges, or protocol-specific advice.
- Educational use only.
Sources
- WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen, 6th ed. (2021) — current framework and emphasis on contextual interpretation.
- WHO Laboratory Manual, 5th ed. (2010) — widely cited lower reference limits used by many labs.
- AUA/ASRM Male Infertility Guideline — clinical evaluation, repeat-testing intervals, contributory factors.
What each input means
- Volume (mL): Total ejaculate volume. Enter 0.2–10 mL.
- Concentration (million/mL): Sperm count per millilitre.
- Motility: Enter total motility (%) and progressive motility (%). Progressive is used in the TMSC formula.
- Morphology (%): Percent normal forms. Choose the method on your report: WHO 6th or Kruger strict.
- Days of abstinence: Days since last ejaculation. Typical reports use 2–7 days.
- Hours from collection to analysis: Transport time can affect motility.
- Incomplete collection? Select Yes if some semen was missed. This can lower the measured volume and counts.
- Optional: Age and whether a varicocele is known. Used for context in the summary.
How to read the results
- TMSC: Total motile sperm count = volume × concentration × progressive motility. Reported as a number and a band: ≥20M, 10–19M, or <10M.
- Parameter classifications: Volume, concentration, motility and morphology are labelled against WHO 6th thresholds for your selected method.
- Global interpretation: A concise label (normal, borderline, or abnormal) with next steps such as repeating in 2–3 months and when to consider medical review.
- Confounder notes: Comments on abstinence outside the typical range, fever/illness, heat exposure, long transport time, or incomplete collection.
- Units explained: Volume in mL, concentration in million/mL, motility and morphology in percent. TMSC is a total count.
One semen analysis can vary from another. This tool is educational only and does not replace clinical assessment.
Frequently asked questions
What is a good TMSC?
The tool bands TMSC as ≥20 million, 10–19 million, or <10 million. Higher bands generally align with better chances in many contexts.
Why do results change between tests?
Semen parameters fluctuate with abstinence days, illness or fever, heat exposure, medications, and time to analysis.
Which morphology method should I select?
Match the method on your report. WHO 6th and Kruger strict use different cut-points, so choose the same one for a correct label.
When should I repeat the test?
Many clinicians repeat in about 2–3 months to cover one sperm production cycle, or sooner if a collection or lab issue is suspected.
What if my sample was incomplete?
Missing the first portion can reduce volume and counts. Note it here and consider a repeat sample.